Thursday, August 20, 2009
Gender Testing? Why the Insistence on Gender Binaries Leaves So Many Outsie 'the Charmed Circle'
Runner’s father, grandmother dismiss gender uproar
By RYAN LUCAS, Associated Press Writer
BERLIN (AP)—A day after winning her first 800-meter world title amid a gender-test controversy, the father of South African teenager Caster Semenya dismissed speculation his daughter is not a woman.
The 18-year-old runner’s father, Jacob, told the Sowetan newspaper: “She is my little girl. … I raised her and I have never doubted her gender. She is a woman and I can repeat that a million times.”
Semenya dominated her rivals to win the 800 on Wednesday despite revelations that surfaced earlier in the day that she was undergoing a gender test. Her dramatic improvement in the 800 and 1,500, muscular build and deep voice sparked speculation about her gender.
“She said to me she doesn’t see what the big deal is all about,” South Africa team manager Phiwe Mlangeni-Tsholetsane said Thursday. “She believes it is God given talent and she will exercise it.”
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Mlangeni-Tsholetsane said Semenya was thrilled about winning the race and picking up her first world title.
“She was over the moon,” Mlangeni-Tsholetsane said.
Semenya wasn’t the only one wondering what all the fuss was about.
Semenya’s paternal grandmother, Maputhi Sekgala, said the controversy “doesn’t bother me that much because I know she’s a woman.”
“What can I do when they call her a man, when she’s really not a man? It is God who made her look that way,” Sekgala told the South African daily The Times.
About three weeks ago, the IAAF asked the South African athletics federation to conduct the gender test after Semenya burst onto the scene by posting a world leading time of 1 minute, 56.72 seconds at the African junior championships in Bambous, Mauritius.
The test, which takes weeks to complete, requires a physical medical evaluation, and includes reports from a gynecologist, endocrinologist, psychologist, an internal medicine specialist and an expert on gender.
Semenya did not attend the news conference after winning Wednesday night’s race by a margin of more than 2 seconds, in 1 minute, 55.45 seconds. She was replaced at the dais by IAAF general secretary Pierre Weiss.
Weiss said the testing was ordered because of “ambiguity, not because we believe she is cheating.”
If the tests show that Semenya is not a woman, she would be stripped of her gold medal.
“But today there is no proof and the benefit of doubt must always be in favor of the athlete,” Weiss said.
The most common cause of sexual ambiguity is congenital adrenal hyperplasia, an endocrine disorder where the adrenal glands produce abnormally high levels of hormones.
Gideon Sam, the president of South Africa’s Olympic governing body, congratulated Semenya on a “truly remarkable achievement.”
“We condemn the way she was linked with such media speculation and allegation, especially on a day she ran in the final of her first major world event,” Sam said. “It’s the biggest day of her life.”
The medal ceremony for the 800 is later Thursday.
Morris Gilbert, a media consultant for TuksSport, the University of Pretoria’s sports department, said the issue of Semenya’s gender has not been raised since the freshman began attending the school, where she studies sports science.
“We are all very proud of her and of what she’s achieved,” Gilbert said. “The university stands behind her all the way.”
He attributed her recent success to hard work and rigorous training.
“She trains a lot,” Gilbert said. “If you go to the athletics track, you’re sure to find her there. I don’t think she had really good training before she came to the university. She’s from a very poor area.”
Semenya’s former school headmaster said he thought for years that the student was a boy.
“She was always rough and played with the boys. She liked soccer and she wore pants to school. She never wore a dress. It was only in Grade 11 that I realized she’s a girl,” Eric Modiba, head of the Nthema Secondary School, told the Beeld newspaper.
Semenya’s family in the village of Fairlie, about 300 miles north of Johannesburg, said she was often teased about her boyish looks.
“That’s how God made her,” said Semenya’s cousin, Evelyn Sekgala. “We brought her up in a way that when people start making fun of her, she shouldn’t get upset.”
Semenya moved to Fairlie at about age 13 to help care for her grandmother, Maphuthi Sekgala.
Her cousin, who also lives with the grandmother, remembers Semenya playing soccer with the village boys, before a teacher got her interested in running.
Evelyn Sekgala said the family was pleased Semenya took up an interest in sports, and not in drinking and partying like other teenagers.Her grandmother would give her money to enter races.
“She was mainly interested in running,” Evelyn Sekgala said. “She wanted to further her athletic dream.”
While Semenya’s case has attracted a flurry of attention, it’s not the first gender controversy in track and field history.
In 2006, the Asian Games 800 champion, Santhi Soundarajan of India, was stripped of her medal after failing a gender test. Perhaps the most famous case is that of Stella Walsh, also known as Stanislawa Walasiewicz, a Polish athlete who won gold in the 100 at the 1932 Olympics, who had ambiguous genitalia.
The IOC conducted the gender tests at the Olympics, but the controversial screenings were dropped before the 2000 Sydney Games.
Among reasons for dropping the test, not all women have standard female chromosomes. In addition, there are cases of people who have ambiguous genitalia or other congenital conditions.
Associated Press Writers Donna Bryson in Fairlie, South Africa, and Anita Powell in Johannesburg contributed to this report.
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Brutal Modernism and João Almino's Response: The Five Seasons of Love
Oscar Niemeyer's Brasíla
Edward Durell Stone and "Brutal Modernism"
Below: Stone's John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Below: Stone's Albany, N.Y.
Tuesday, April 14, 2009
Media Presentation
From Lily:
I am planning to do a media presentation about an article I found in the news. It's really heartbreaking but I hope it can bring up some illuminating topics on education and justice to talk about in class. Here is the link.
Morty Diamond, Performance Video of FTM identities:
I am planning to do a media presentation about an article I found in the news. It's really heartbreaking but I hope it can bring up some illuminating topics on education and justice to talk about in class. Here is the link.
Morty Diamond, Performance Video of FTM identities:
Wednesday, April 8, 2009
Thursday, March 26, 2009
Wednesday, March 25, 2009
Before Night Falls
"Writing as Dissidence" in Before Night Falls (2000), dir. Julian Schnabel
TRAILER
Freedom is a Nation: Identification Papers, Mariel, and the "Legible" Queer Body
Johnny Depp in Before Night Falls, and Gender Trouble
Johnny Depp as Bon Bon
Border Crossings: From Trans to Transnational Bodies Politic
TRAILER
Freedom is a Nation: Identification Papers, Mariel, and the "Legible" Queer Body
Johnny Depp in Before Night Falls, and Gender Trouble
Johnny Depp as Bon Bon
Border Crossings: From Trans to Transnational Bodies Politic
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
Cobra and the Latin American Baroque
(Against) Origins
Narrative Structures of the "Latin American Baroque"
Severo Sarduy, Cobra (1972 [1995])
Part I
Lyrical Theater of Dolls
GROUP I:
White Dwarf 20
To God I Dedicate this Mambo 46
The Conversion 57
GROUP II
¿Qué tal? 69
Part II
The Initiation 75
Eat Flowers! 91
GROUP III:
For the Birds 104
White 120
Indian Journal 129
Narrative Structures of the "Latin American Baroque"
Severo Sarduy, Cobra (1972 [1995])
Part I
Lyrical Theater of Dolls
GROUP I:
White Dwarf 20
To God I Dedicate this Mambo 46
The Conversion 57
GROUP II
¿Qué tal? 69
Part II
The Initiation 75
Eat Flowers! 91
GROUP III:
For the Birds 104
White 120
Indian Journal 129
Saturday, March 14, 2009
Friday, March 13, 2009
Writing Tips
For those in the middle of the paper/essay crunch, Robert Rushing's site offers useful information about papers, and the writing life.
Tuesday, March 3, 2009
Apropos of Severo Sarduy's Cobra
I. Media Event
Lizard Transvestism?
How does the article "gender" 'boy' lizards?
How does it make diversity anthropomorphic?
II. Commodification of Gender?
Lizard Transvestism?
How does the article "gender" 'boy' lizards?
How does it make diversity anthropomorphic?
II. Commodification of Gender?
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
Class Outline: 2/25
I. Part I
Michael Horswell, Decolonizing the Sodomite (2005)
1. Define what “Transculturation” means to Horswell.
2. What is the genealogy of this term according to Horswell?
3. Map the history of “Sodomy” as it is traced in Horswell’s argument by linking the following:
a. Platonic ideal
b. The Visigoths and the emergence of "law"
c. Theologian Peter Damian on “blasphemy”
d. "Book of Genesis"
e. What does Thomas Aquinas have to do with "love"?
f. Aquinas’ misreading of St. Augustine’s Confessions
g. How does Aquina’s version of Aristotle change the meaning of sodomy?
h. What does Aquina’s Scritum super libros Sententiarum both erase and inscribe into the history of sexuality?
i. Define “The lascivious Moor”
j. What does the story of Raguel’s La pasión de Pelayo tell us about Muslims as seen my Spaniards?
k. Covarrubias distortion of Plato's Symposium
l.Balboa's dogs and the Spanish gendering of the Americas
II. Part 2
Luciano Martínez, "Esteban Echeverría's 'Slaughterhouse' or (En)Gendering Argentina's Founding Fictions"
III. Reminders
*Extra credit for attendance and one page reaction write-up: "GENDER, SEXUALITY AND EQUITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST, A SYMPOSIUM"
Michael Horswell, Decolonizing the Sodomite (2005)
1. Define what “Transculturation” means to Horswell.
2. What is the genealogy of this term according to Horswell?
3. Map the history of “Sodomy” as it is traced in Horswell’s argument by linking the following:
a. Platonic ideal
b. The Visigoths and the emergence of "law"
c. Theologian Peter Damian on “blasphemy”
d. "Book of Genesis"
e. What does Thomas Aquinas have to do with "love"?
f. Aquinas’ misreading of St. Augustine’s Confessions
g. How does Aquina’s version of Aristotle change the meaning of sodomy?
h. What does Aquina’s Scritum super libros Sententiarum both erase and inscribe into the history of sexuality?
i. Define “The lascivious Moor”
j. What does the story of Raguel’s La pasión de Pelayo tell us about Muslims as seen my Spaniards?
k. Covarrubias distortion of Plato's Symposium
l.Balboa's dogs and the Spanish gendering of the Americas
II. Part 2
Luciano Martínez, "Esteban Echeverría's 'Slaughterhouse' or (En)Gendering Argentina's Founding Fictions"
III. Reminders
*Extra credit for attendance and one page reaction write-up: "GENDER, SEXUALITY AND EQUITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST, A SYMPOSIUM"
Wednesday, February 18, 2009
America, América: Of "Sodomites" and Occidentalism
America's first cartographic appearance, Martin Waldseemüller (1507)
América: Allegories of the "Feminine"
Andean Hauntings: Tawantinsuyu and Fearful Symmetry
"Ipa" or "Orua," refers to "third-gendered" transmitters of cultural knowledge.
"Tinkuy is essentially the joining together of complementary opposites through a process of ritual mediation; similarly, yanantin is an expression of dualistic symmetry" (Horswell 17; see also 137 ss.)
"Amautas," or knowledge keepers, become displaced by the new "chaupis" (they occupy an in between position). The new chaupis are the missionary scribes who "translate" one culture to another and in the process speak for the Other.
Vasco Núñez de Balboa's Dogs
América: Allegories of the "Feminine"
Andean Hauntings: Tawantinsuyu and Fearful Symmetry
"Ipa" or "Orua," refers to "third-gendered" transmitters of cultural knowledge.
"Tinkuy is essentially the joining together of complementary opposites through a process of ritual mediation; similarly, yanantin is an expression of dualistic symmetry" (Horswell 17; see also 137 ss.)
"Amautas," or knowledge keepers, become displaced by the new "chaupis" (they occupy an in between position). The new chaupis are the missionary scribes who "translate" one culture to another and in the process speak for the Other.
Vasco Núñez de Balboa's Dogs
Tuesday, February 10, 2009
Sandy Stone. A Meatgrinder Called University. 2007 1/12
Sandy Stone and the practice of "Reading Oneself Aloud"
Trans Panic: Butler on Gender Compliance and Coercion
ADULT CONTENT. See syllabus section "Additional Information" before viewing video below.
"Buck Angel: The Transgendered Subject in Transnational Context
Trans Panic: Butler on Gender Compliance and Coercion
ADULT CONTENT. See syllabus section "Additional Information" before viewing video below.
"Buck Angel: The Transgendered Subject in Transnational Context
Tuesday, February 3, 2009
José Gabilondo: Critical Heterosexual Studies
Discussion source for 2/4: José M. Gabilondo, "Asking the Straight Question" (Wisconsin Women's Law Journal, Vol. XXI, N. 1, Spring 2006).
Terms of Engagement
*Defamiliarization (Victor Shklovsky, "ostranenie" or defamiliarization)
*Outsider Narrative
*Self Hailing (Louis Althusser, "interpellation")
*Heteronormativity
*Object Choice
*Conceptual Liquidation
*Cumpulsive Heterosexuality
*Social Constructivism
Texture:
Arroz Con Mango
Terms of Engagement
*Defamiliarization (Victor Shklovsky, "ostranenie" or defamiliarization)
*Outsider Narrative
*Self Hailing (Louis Althusser, "interpellation")
*Heteronormativity
*Object Choice
*Conceptual Liquidation
*Cumpulsive Heterosexuality
*Social Constructivism
Texture:
Arroz Con Mango
Monday, February 2, 2009
Announcement
Announcement:
The Blackboard site has disappeared for some unknown reason! Computing services has been informed, and I will email everyone as soon as the problem is fixed. Thanks, LL
The Blackboard site has disappeared for some unknown reason! Computing services has been informed, and I will email everyone as soon as the problem is fixed. Thanks, LL
Friday, January 30, 2009
Wednesday, January 28, 2009
Stonewall Inn, Compton Cafeteria and Cultural Rememories
TransGeneration
Screaming Queens: The Riot at Compton's Cafeteria 1
Labels:
Stonewall Inn,
Tony Kirchner,
Transgeneration
Monday, January 5, 2009
Trans and Christian, Living in Legal Limbo
Trans and Christian, Living in Legal Limbo
By Celina De León
These days, Issa Fazli is taking comfort in the Bible. One verse from Matthew 5:11 is the only text that graces his personal website encouraging strength in the face of persecution. It’s a much needed refrain for Fazli, who as a Pakistani, Christian, transgendered man, is awaiting a decision from the U.S. government determining whether or not he will be granted religious asylum along with his wife.
Fazli made two transitions while living in the United States.
He converted from Islam to Christianity, and in 1999, he transitioned to living as a man. He didn’t tell his parents who were in Pakistan about the sex change. “I just figured I would take care of everything and surprise them,” Fazli said.
Instead of a loving wedding, Issa and Saadia received about four and a half years of house arrest, harassment and persecution. It wasn’t though because of his gender identity. His parents felt betrayed about this but when Fazli phoned them to say that he had gotten married, they were ecstatic on the phone and insisted on throwing a big wedding for their son and new daughter-in-law, Saadia Asghar.
Fazli felt confident his parents understood that he identified now as a man. He had been telling his parents since the age of 4 that he was a boy and not a girl. With that in the past, Issa looked longingly for a family reunion, and thought this wedding celebration in Pakistan would be a means to a happy ending. “You hope for the best, and that things will be different this time,” Fazli said. But instead of a loving wedding, Issa and Saadia received about four and a half years of house arrest, harassment and persecution.
It wasn’t though because of his gender identity.
Upon Fazli and Asghar’s arrival in the country for their wedding celebration, the change that Fazli’s family refused to accept was that he had converted to Christianity.
Under Sharia law in Pakistan, there is no acceptance or protection for Christians and Fazli’s family made sure he and his wife paid a price for disowning their religion. Well-connected as a government official in Punjab—the richest province in Pakistan—and an Islamic fundamentalist, Fazli’s father used his authority to prohibit them from leaving the country. The government-controlled airline refused to issue the couple boarding passes for their flight home to the U.S.
As the months passed, Fazli and his wife lived in several apartments, all the while trying to regain the documentation they needed to get back to the U.S. They were evicted without notice, came home to carcasses of chickens, cats and dogs at their doorstep, were spied on and followed, robbed and almost killed in a car chase. Amidst all this, Fazli actually noted that his father was lenient since people who convert to Christianity are often murdered for dishonoring their family in what is known as an “honor killing.”
Fazli and his wife went to the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan and the National Commission on the Status of Women for help (both are agencies that investigate honor killings). Letters were sent to various government agencies on behalf of the couple. Pakistani newspapers soon covered their story. One article even used fake names to protect their identities.
Finally in 2005, after four years and four months, Fazli and Saadia were allowed to renew their passports and return to New York. But arriving in the U.S., Fazli was forced to surrender his green card and Pakistani passport. According to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, legal residents who live outside the country for more than a year automatically forfeit their permanent residency status. In a post-9/11 world, the rules are even stricter. Fazli was charged with abandoning his residency even though he was kept from entering the U.S. against his free will.
Fazli applied for religious asylum and turned to Catholic Charities for help before his U.S. immigration court hearing in 2007. His case continues to be postponed though and he’s waiting to secure a lawyer to represent him in court.
In the meantime, he has a work authorization permit. Ironically, one of his gigs had him conducting surveys and polls on the 2008 presidential election and state ballots for a marketing company.
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